Which technologies are commonly used to provide redundancy across core routers, links, and paths?

Which technologies are commonly used to provide redundancy across core routers, links, and paths?

• A. VRRP/HSRP
• B. FTP
• C. DNS
• D. SSH

Answer: (A)

Redundancy across core routers and paths is achieved by gateway redundancy protocols that let several devices present a single virtual router to the network. VRRP and HSRP do exactly this: one router acts as the active master that forwards traffic, while others stay on standby. If the master or its link fails, a standby router quickly takes over, so the network continues to reach the default gateway and traffic keeps flowing without manual intervention. This arrangement protects core router failures and link problems, ensuring ongoing connectivity across multiple paths. FTP, DNS, and SSH serve different purposes—file transfer, name resolution, and secure remote access—so they don’t provide automatic router failover or path redundancy.

Redundancy across core routers and paths is achieved by gateway redundancy protocols that let several devices present a single virtual router to the network. VRRP and HSRP do exactly this: one router acts as the active master that forwards traffic, while others stay on standby. If the master or its link fails, a standby router quickly takes over, so the network continues to reach the default gateway and traffic keeps flowing without manual intervention. This arrangement protects core router failures and link problems, ensuring ongoing connectivity across multiple paths. FTP, DNS, and SSH serve different purposes—file transfer, name resolution, and secure remote access—so they don’t provide automatic router failover or path redundancy.